The cleanup design and implementation phase focuses on developing and carrying out a cleanup plan to prepare the property for redevelopment and reuse. The design of the cleanup plan and implementation of the technology options selected in the previous phase involves close coordination with all other redevelopment efforts in the immediate vicinity of the site.

Factors that should be considered during the design and implementation of cleanup activities include:

1. Are there federal, state, local, and tribal requirements for the design, installation, and monitoring of cleanup activities?
2. How will cleanup be monitored so that work can be stopped when cleanup goals are reached?
3. How best can the community participate in the design and implementation of the cleanup plan?
4. What can be done to protect the community and other property during cleanup?
5. What are the tradeoffs between cost and meeting redevelopment project deadlines? Can redevelopment activities (such as renovation of existing buildings and construction of roads and sewage systems) be performed concurrently with cleanup activities?
6. What are the long-term effects of the selected technology on the liability or on the future use of the site? What are the effects of a catastrophic change to the environment (for example, a hurricane or changes to the subsurface)?
7. Will long-term monitoring be required? If so, how will it be managed?
8. Will institutional controls facilitate or hinder redevelopment? Now? In the future?

Typical activities that may be conducted during this phase include:

• Review all applicable federal, state, local, and tribal regulatory guidelines and regulations to determine all specific requirements, including guidelines for state VCPs
• Continue to work with the appropriate regulatory agencies to ensure that regulatory requirements are being properly addressed:
  • Consult with the appropriate federal, state, local, and tribal regulatory agencies to include them in the decision-making process as early as possible
  • Contact the EPA regional brownfields coordinator to identify and determine the availability of EPA support programs
• Develop conceptual plans for cleanup and subsequent monitoring that incorporate technology options and consider the effect of any cleanup activities on the proposed reuse of the property and the schedule for project design or construction:
  • Develop or review the schedule for completion of the project
  • Obtain a final amount for the funds available for project development
  • Coordinate the renovation and construction of infrastructure with cleanup activities
  • Coordinate activities with developers, financiers, construction firms, and members of the local community
• Establish contingency plans to address the discovery of additional contamination during cleanup, including tools such as environmental insurance policies
• Develop procedures for community participation, for example, by working with community advisory boards or local redevelopment authorities
• Implement and monitor the cleanup plan and performance of the technology selected
• Work with the state VCP, if applicable, and/or county or local officials to facilitate the placement and implementation of institutional controls

Show all resources as one list

Listed below are examples of technology resources that provide information about cleanup designs and implementations including regulatory guidelines and community outreach materials. In addition, technologies identified during the site investigation phase may be appropriate to monitor cleanup performance and close-out.

A. Resources for Cleanup Design and Implementation

The documents listed below are resources that provide general information about the availability of technology resources in the form of bibliographies and status reports. Online searchable databases also are included.

B. Site-Specific Resources for Cleanup Design and Implementation

Listed below are case studies and other resources that provide information and lessons learned from the application of innovative technologies to specific contaminants and site types.

After you have completed cleanup, you may take one of the following courses of action:

Result of Cleanup		Course of Action
Contamination has been removed, contained, or controlled.		Consult with the appropriate regulatory officials before proceeding with redevelopment activities.
Additional contamination has been discovered.		Continue cleanup activities. However, you may have to return to the Site Investigation phase to determine the extent and nature of the contamination.
Long-term monitoring of cleanup and performance of the technology is required.		Return to the Site Investigation phase to collect after-performance samples for monitoring cleanup.